INTERNET ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CINEMATOGRAPHERS

 

Your online guide to cinematography and cinematographers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTERNET ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CINEMATOGRAPHERS

 

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  CINEMATOGRAPHY

 

Cinematography is the art and craft of the authorship of visual images for the cinema extending from conception and pre-production through post-production to the ultimate presentation of these images. All and any processes, which may affect these images, are the direct responsibility and interest of the cinematographer. Cinematography is not a subcategory of photography. Rather, photography is but one craft, which the cinematographer uses in addition to other physical, organizational, managerial, interpretive, and image manipulating techniques to effect one coherent process. Cinematography is a creative and interpretative process, which culminates in the authorship of an original work rather than the simple recording of a physical event. The images which the cinematographer brings to the screen come from the artistic vision, imagination, and skill of the cinematographer working within a collaborative relationship with fellow artists. [American Society of Cinematographers, May 2000]

 

  THE CINEMATOGRAPHER

 

[By Charles G. Clarke, ASC - 1967] As some confusion exists about the title director of photography, perhaps a brief summary at this time would be in order. Since the inception of the movies, there have been cameramen. Then, as the peculiar technique of cinema was developed, the cameraman became the cinematographer. As the industry progressed, cinematography took on specialized fields. The cinematographer now devoted more of his talents to composition and lighting and left the mechanics of the camera to members of his staff. Today he directs and supervises the efforts of a large crew of workers, and is known as the director of photography. He selects the composition, sets the exposure, conceives the lighting, and designates the filters or other photographic controls to be employed.

One of the great problems of motion picture production is..... READ MORE

 

"The Cinematographer" directed [uncred] by Jerry Hopper [1951]

© AMPAS - Courtesy of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

 

  INTRODUCTION

 

In the INTERNET ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CINEMATOGRAPHERS you'll find the biographies and filmographies of hundreds of international cameramen and camerawomen.

>   Each entry provides you with the following information: PERSONAL INFORMATION [photo; date, place and country of birth; education; career and awards], FILMS [feature films, shorts (= productions up to 60 minutes) and documentaries], TELEVISION [films, specials, pilots and (episodes of) series], FILMS AS CAMERA ASSISTANT AND/OR OPERATOR, FILMS AND/OR TELEVISION AS DIRECTOR and MISCELLANEOUS.

>   The films are arranged in the order in which they were FILMED [not the year of copyright or release]. However, those filming dates are not always easy to find. The order in which the films are arranged will probably change in the future as more information will become available.

>   A number of publications and websites announce film projects in development or pre-production. When it is not totally clear if the film has been produced, if the scheduled cinematographer has really photographed the picture or when other essential information is not available, the entry will appear in red.

>   With each film the 'collaborating' and/or 'specialized' camerapersons working on the production are also mentioned. These data are only listed in the filmography of the 1st unit cinematographer, i.e. the cameraperson who is ultimately responsible for the 'look' of the film.

>   All information is in English. Next to the original title of the film you'll find alternative titles and the English and/or American title.

>   For reasons of space a lot of information in the filmographies is abbreviated. Each entry has a 'link' to the list of ABBREVIATIONS [ABBREV].

>   Accents in film titles and the names of people will only be used if they can be typed with a 'normal' keyboard without using the possibility of 'special signs/letters'. So, you will see ü, ç, à, é, ã, û, etc., but not the specific accents used in e.g. East European languages.

 

  IMPORTANT NOTICE

 

DISCLAIMER - All photos on this site are reproduced strictly for informational purposes. Some photos are submitted by the cinematographers. A growing number of photos are frames from filmed interviews and/or documentaries. And there are publicity stills. If we know the name of the photographer, he or she will be credited. A minority of the photos come from different sources on the internet. We try to contact the photographer to get permission. It's not our intention to infringe on someone's rights. If you are the photographer [or his/her representative] and hold the legitimate rights to any of the photos and object to the publication on this website, please inform the . We will remove the photo immediately or look for another solution. The photos are watermarked IEC. However, that doesn't mean that we claim any rights. The watermark makes it only more difficult to copy the photo.

The IEC is a non-commercial, non-profit website that only wants to inform people interested in cinematography. It's free for every visitor. [Albert Steeman, editor IEC]

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